解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The development of white adipose tissue involves both the hypertrophy of existing adipocytes and the proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes. Adipogenic differentiation is inhibited by TGFβ signaling through Smad2/3, and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) is also known to activate Smad2/3 signaling in some cel...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1444
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The TSH receptor (TSHR) hinge region, the least well understood component, bridges the leucine-rich repeat and transmembrane domains. We report data on clusters of hinge charged residues the mutation of which to Ala is compatible with cell surface expression and normal, or near normal, TSH binding affinity yet with a ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1376
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Compelling evidence indicates a crucial role of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) in parturition. Both the maternal and fetal sides of the fetal membranes synthesize PGF2α, which exerts effects via the prostaglandin F2α receptor (FP) that is coupled to the activation of protein kinase C (PKC). Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) catalyz...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1441
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::TSH is the most important biomarker in the interpretation of thyroid function in man. Its levels are determined by circulating thyroid hormone (TH) levels that feed back centrally to regulate the expression of the subunits that comprise TSH from the pituitary. The nuclear corepressor 1 (NCoR1), is a critical coregulat...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1504
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization studies of sheep, goats, and rodents indicated that kisspeptin (KP), neurokinin B (NKB), and dynorphin A (DYN) are extensively colocalized in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, thus providing a basis for the KP/NKB/DYN (KNDy) neuron concept; in both sexes, KNDy neu...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1545
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The G protein α-subunit G(s)α mediates receptor-stimulated cAMP generation. Heterozygous inactivating G(s)α mutations on the maternal allele result in obesity primarily due to reduced energy expenditure in Albright hereditary osteodystrophy patients and in mice. We previously showed that mice with central nervous syst...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1113
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the ovarian follicle, oocyte-secreted factors induce cumulus-specific genes and repress mural granulosa cell specific genes to establish these functionally distinct cell lineages. The mechanism establishing this precise morphogenic pattern of oocyte signaling within the follicle is unknown. The present study invest...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1181
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tobacco smoking favorably influences the course of Hashimoto thyroiditis, possibly through the antiinflammatory proprieties of nicotine. In this study we tested anatabine, another tobacco alkaloid, in a model of experimental autoimmune thyroiditis. Experimental autoimmune thyroiditis was induced by different doses of ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1452
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impaired trophoblast invasion is associated with pregnancy disorders such as early pregnancy loss and preeclampsia. There is evidence to suggest that the consumption of caffeine during pregnancy may increase the risk of pregnancy loss; however, little is known about the direct effect of caffeine on normal trophoblast ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1930
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gene expression of fibroblast growth factor-9 (FGF9) is decreased in granulosa cells (GC) of cystic follicles compared with normal dominant follicles in cattle. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of FGF9 on GC steroidogenesis, gene expression, and cell proliferation and to determine the hormo...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1003
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Pax6 transcription factor is crucial for pancreatic α-cells. Indeed, Pax6-deficient mouse models are characterized by markedly altered α-cell differentiation. Our objective was to investigate the role of Pax6 in glucagon secretion process. We used a Pax6-deficient model in rat primary enriched-α cells with specifi...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1425
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is more severe in male than female mice eating a soy-based diet. We sought to determine whether the detrimental effects are mediated by the phytoestrogens present in soy, the mechanism by which phytoestrogens act, and to test whether estrogen modulates the sexually dimorphic phenotype...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1391
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Topiramate (TPM) treatment has been shown to reduce adiposity in humans and rodents. The reduction in adiposity is related to decreased food intake and increased energy expenditure. However, the molecular mechanisms through which TPM induces weight loss are contradictory and remain to be clarified. Whether TPM treatme...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1272
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-4 is a key mediator of anterior pituitary organogenesis. However, through inappropriate expression patterns, BMP-4 is also pathogenic in a pituitary adenoma subtype-specific context. In these cases, increase or decrease in BMP-4 in lactotroph- and corticotroph-derived adenomas, respect...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1231
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thyroid hormone is essential for normal proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes. Thus, untreated congenital hypothyroidism is marked by severe short stature. The monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) is a highly specific transporter for thyroid hormone. The hallmarks of Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome, caused b...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1713
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the effectiveness of nuclear hormone-receptor complexes is known to depend on coregulator partner proteins, relatively little is known about the roles of coregulators in uterine development and early stages of pregnancy and implantation. Because conventional genetic deletion of the coregulator, repressor of e...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1044
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although prolactinomas can be effectively treated with dopamine agonists, about 20% of patients develop dopamine resistance or tumor recurrence after surgery, indicating a need for better understanding of underlying disease mechanisms. Although estrogen-induced rat prolactinomas have been widely used to investigate th...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1056
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ghrelin is a peptide hormone primarily produced in the previously unidentified X/A endocrine cells of the stomach. Extensive studies have focused on the effects of ghrelin on growth hormone release and appetite regulation. However, the mechanisms regulating ghrelin secretion are less understood. In the present study, ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1040
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myocardial fibrosis is a key pathological change in a variety of heart diseases contributing to the development of heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden death. Recent studies have shown that relaxin prevents and reverses cardiac fibrosis. Endogenous expression of relaxin was elevated in the setting of heart disease; ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1114
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors, is activated by aldosterone and mediates its natriferic action in tight epithelia. MR is also expressed in nonepithelial tissues. Importantly, it mediates the deleterious effects of inappropriately high aldoster...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1210
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although estrogens are neuroprotective in young adult animal models of stroke, clinical trials demonstrate that estrogens increase the incidence and severity of stroke in aged women. We have previously shown that experimental stroke pathophysiology differs between young adult and aged rats. The aim of this study was t...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1859
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate that commonly occurs in older men. We show that liver X receptor (Lxr)-α knockout mice (lxrα(-/-)) develop ventral prostate hypertrophy, correlating with an overaccumulation of secreted proteins in prostatic ducts and an alteration of vesicular...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1996
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute effects of bisphenol (BPA), an environmental chemical, on estradiol (17α or β-E2)-dependent recognition memory and dendritic spines in the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were investigated in adult female rats. Ovariectomized rats received BPA 30 min before or immediately after a sample trial (viewing o...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1121
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T cells signaling controls the differentiation and function of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, and regulator of calcineurin-2 (Rcan2) is a physiological inhibitor of this pathway. Rcan2 expression is regulated by T(3), which also has a central role in skeletal development and bone ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1814
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fetuin-A is a biomarker reported to be important in many metabolic disorders, including obesity, diabetes, and hepatic steatosis. Although it is well known that fetuin-A is increased in diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the levels of fetuin-A in diabetic patients with NAFLD are unknown. Furthermor...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-2043
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelin (ET) receptor dysregulation has been described in a number of pathophysiological processes, including cardiovascular disorders, renal failure, and cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of the ET-A receptor (ET(A)R) in murine models of thyroid carcinoma using optical imaging methods. A...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-2017
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The enteroendocrine and enteric nervous systems convey signals through an overlapping network of regulatory peptides that act either as circulating hormones or as localized neurotransmitters within the gastrointestinal tract. Because recent studies invoke an important role for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) as a ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1069
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poor growth before birth is associated with impaired insulin sensitivity later in life, increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes. The tissue sites at which insulin resistance first develops after intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and its molecular basis, are unclear. We have therefore characterized the effects of ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1955
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronically elevated fatty acids contribute to insulin resistance through poorly defined mechanisms. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the subsequent unfolded protein response (UPR) have been implicated in lipid-induced insulin resistance. However, the UPR is also a fundamental mechanism required for cell adaptati...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1881
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Progesterone (P(4)) signaling is critical for pregnancy. We previously showed that immunopilin FK506 binding protein (FKBP)52 serves as a cochaperone to optimize progesterone receptor (PR) function in the uterus, and its deficiency leads to P(4) resistance in a pregnancy stage-specific and genetic background-dependent...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1035
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gonadotropin (GTH)-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) is a novel hypothalamic neuropeptide that inhibits GTH secretion in mammals and birds by acting on gonadotropes and GnRH neurons within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. GnIH and its orthologs that have an LPXRFamide (X = L or Q) motif at the C terminus (LPXRFamide p...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-2046
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renin-angiotensin system blockade improves glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, which contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome. However, the contribution of impaired insulin secretion to the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome is not well defined. To assess the contributions of angiotensin receptor ty...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1885
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular cargo transport relies on microtubules and motor proteins such as kinesins and dyneins. Currently we have ample knowledge of the mechanisms by which motor proteins propel themselves along the microtubules, but little is known about intracellular factors that regulate motor speed. Here we show that proadr...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1685
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is still controversial whether the bone-derived hormone fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) has additional physiological functions apart from its well-known suppressive actions on renal phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D hormone synthesis. Here we analyzed premature aging, mineral homeostasis, carbohydrate metabo...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1878
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ovarian cancer in women is a complex and deadly disease, where the molecular events that initiate and control tumor formation remain poorly defined. Therefore, mouse models provide one approach for determining the mechanisms by which specific oncogenic factors cause ovarian surface epithelial cell and granulosa cell t...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1210/en.2011-2121
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent evidence suggests that the aromatization of testosterone to estrogen is important for the organizing effects of neonatal testosterone on neuroendocrine responses to acute challenges. However, the extent to which neonatal inhibition of aromatase alters the stress-induced activation of neural pathways has not bee...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1749
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endocannabinoids act as a major neuromodulatory system in a variety of physiological and behavioral functions. Three major lines of evidence suggest that the endocannabinoid system interacts with gonadal hormones. First, the endocannabinoid system is implicated in behaviors and physiological functions that are known t...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1643
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), highly expressed in the hippocampus, binds corticosteroid hormones and coordinately participates, with the glucocorticoid receptor, to the control of stress responses, memorization, and behavior. To investigate the impact of MR in neuronal survival, we generated murine embryonic stem (...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1436
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early postnatal hyperalimentation has long-term implications for obesity and developing renal disease. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 3 inhibits phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 and ERK1/2 and thereby plays a pivotal role in mediating leptin resistance. In addition,...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1670
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serum retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels are increased in insulin-resistant humans and correlate with severity of insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome. Quantitative Western blotting (qWestern) has been the most accurate method for serum RBP4 measurements, but qWestern is technically complex and labor intensiv...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1750
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00